Volvo

Sand casting: the lowest cost, while the level of technology and the quality of bucket teeth are not as good as precision casting and forging die casting.
Forging: the highest cost and the best craftsmanship and tooth quality.
Precision casting: The cost is moderate but the requirements for raw materials are very strict, and the technological level is relatively high. Due to the ingredients, some precision casting bucket teeth have a wear resistance and quality even exceeding that of forging casting bucket teeth. At present, precision casting bucket teeth is the mainstream manufacturing process for bucket teeth on the market.
Reason for failure
The bucket teeth of an open-air excavator failed early due to severe wear during use. For this batch of bucket teeth, the failure form and the cause of the bucket tooth surface were analyzed, and improvement measures were proposed.

Failure shape
Failure Forms Bucket teeth are subjected to different degrees of wear and impact under different working conditions, resulting in different degrees and different forms of failure. This bucket tooth fails after only 3 days of use (about 36h) under normal working conditions. It does not meet the requirements either from an economic point of view or from a use point of view. From the macro photos of the failed parts, it can be seen that there are obvious furrow-like scratches on the front working surface of the bucket teeth, a small amount of plastic deformation at the tip, no cracks, and the front working surface (the surface in contact with the ground) is the thinnest, about 4mm, the rear working surface is about 8mm.